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Trabzon and Sümela: The Black Sea and the Cliffside Monastery

9 Sep 2026 Sinan Topali 3 min read

Trabzon is Türkiye's green side: tea on the hillsides, misty mountains, the Byzantine Hagia Sophia of the Black Sea and, 300 metres above a valley, Sümela Monastery clinging to the rock.

A different Türkiye

The Black Sea is the part of the country that never makes it onto the postcards: it rains, everything is green, tea grows on terraces all the way down to the sea and people talk faster than elsewhere. Trabzon, once Trebizond, was the capital of its own Byzantine empire for more than two centuries and a port on the Silk Road; Marco Polo passed through here.

People come for Sümela Monastery, and then discover that the best thing about the region is the mountains behind it.

What to see

Sümela Monastery

Founded in the 4th century, it clings to a cliff 300 metres above the Altındere valley, with the mist rising up from below in the morning. Its rock-cut churches are covered in frescoes — many of them damaged, all of them striking — and the walk up through the forest is part of the visit. It is one of the most photographed places in Türkiye, and it deserves every photo.

Hagia Sophia of Trabzon

A 13th-century Byzantine church right by the sea, with frescoes from the time of the Komnenos emperors and a free-standing bell tower. Today it serves as a mosque, and you can visit it outside prayer times.

Atatürk's mansion and the old town

The Crimean-style mansion where Atatürk stayed on his visits to the city, set in its own garden; and Trabzon's bazaar, with shops selling preserved hamsi, copperware and the city's traditional scarves.

Uzungöl and the high plateaus

A lake among the mountains at 1,100 metres, with its mosque reflected in the water and the peaks of the Kaçkar range behind. Further east, in neighbouring Rize province, are the yayla — the summer pastures high in the mountains — of Ayder and Pokut: wooden houses, mist and, in Ayder, hot springs.

When to go

June to September, when the plateaus are open and the mountain passes are clear of snow. It rains all year round, and that is exactly what keeps the landscape so green. May and October are beautiful but damp.

How to get there

Trabzon Airport has direct flights from Istanbul (about 1 hour 45 minutes). Sümela is 45 kilometres from the city and Uzungöl about 100; for the plateaus you need a vehicle and a driver who knows the mountain tracks.

What to eat

Hamsi, the Black Sea anchovy, in every form imaginable; kuymak, a fondue of cornmeal and cheese; Trabzon pide with butter and egg; karalahana çorbası, a black cabbage soup; and tea from Rize, which the whole country drinks, but which here you drink where it grows.

How to fit it in

Three days, flying in from Istanbul and back: one for Sümela and the city, one for Uzungöl and one for the plateaus. It is the perfect escape in July and August, when the rest of the country is baking in the heat.

Further reading

Frequently asked questions

How many days do I need in Trabzon?

I recommend 2 days to see Trabzon at a relaxed pace; that's how long I allow for it on my tours. You can do it in less time, but you'll have to be selective. Add a third day if you want to reach the high plateaus.

When is the best time to visit Trabzon?

The best time to visit Trabzon is May to September; for the high plateaus, June to September.

How do I get to Trabzon?

Trabzon Airport (TZX) has daily flights from Istanbul (about 1 h 45 min). The airport is 6 km from the centre.

Any tips for visiting Trabzon?

The Black Sea region is rainy: bring a waterproof jacket and water-resistant shoes, especially in spring and autumn.

trabzon sümela monastery black sea uzungöl ayder türkiye
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